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303. Kantoch MJ. Supraventricular tachycardia in children. Indian J Pediatr 2005; 72: 609-619.
304. Vignati G. Pediatric arrhythmias: which are the news? J Cardiovascular Med 2007; 8: 62-66.
305. Kashani IA, Shakibi JG, Siassi B. Electrophysiologic effects of disopyramide in children. Jpn Heart J 1980; 21: 491-496.
306. Fish FA, Gillette PC, Benson DW Jr, for the pediatric electrophysiology group. Proarrhythmia, cardiac arrest and death in young patients receiving
encainide and flecainide. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18: 356-365.
307. Perry JC, Garson A Jr. Flecanide acetate for treatment of tachyarrhythmias in children: Review of world literature on efficacy, safety, and dosing.
Am Heart J 1992; 134: 1614-1621.
308 Moak JP, Smith RT, Garson A. Mexiletine: an effective antiarrhythmic drug for treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in congenital heart disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 10: 824-829.
309. 簡 瑞祥，星野健司，小川潔，他．小児期の頻拍性不整脈に対するメキシレチンの有効性について．埼玉県医学会誌 1987; 22: 763-768.
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313. Fisher JD, Krikler D, Hallidie-Smith KA. Familial polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34: 2015-2022.
314. Sumitomo N, Harada K, Nagashima M, et al. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: Electrocardiographic characteristics and
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315. Gaum WE, Biancaniello T, Kaplan S. Accelerated ventricular rhythm in childhood. Am J Cardiol 1979; 43: 162-164.
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324. Laitinen PJ, Brown KM, Piippo K, et al. Mutations of the cardiac Ryanodine receptor (RyR2) gene in familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
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325. Lahat H, Pras E, Olender T, et al. A missense mutation in a highly conserved region of CASQ2 is associated with autosomal recessive
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326. Lahat H, Eldar M, Levy-Nissenbaum, et al. Autosomal recessive catecholamine- or exercise-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: clinical
features and assignment of the disease gene to chromosome 1p13-21. Circulation 2001; 103: 2822-2827.
327. Laithen PJ, Swan H, Kontula K. Molecular genetics of exercise-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: identification of three novel cardiac
ryanodine receptor mutations and two common calsequestrin 2 amino-acid polymorphisms. Eur J Hum Genet 2003; 11: 888-891.
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ventricular tachycardia. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2003; 13: 148-151.
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332. Rosso R, Kalman JM, Rogowski O, et al. Calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers versus beta-blockers alone for preventing exercise-induced
arrhythmias in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 2007; 4: 1149-1154.
333. Watanabe H, Chopra N, Laver D, et al. Flecainide prevents catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in mice and humans. Nat Med
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334. van der Werf C, Kannankeril PJ, Sacher F, et al. Flecainide reduced exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with CPVT not controlled
by conventional drug therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 2244-2254.
335. Palanca V, Quesada A, Trigo A, et al. Arrhythmic storm induced by AICD discharge in a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular
tachycardia. Rev Esp Cardiol 2006; 59: 1079-1083.
336. Wilde AA, Bhuiyan ZA, Crotti L, et al. Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. N Engl J
Med 2008; 358: 2024-2029.
337. Scott PA, Sandilands AJ, Morris GE, et al. Successful treatment of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with bilateral
thoracoscopic sympathectomy. Heart Rhythm 2008; 5: 1461-1463.
338. Perry JC, McQuinn RL, Smith RT Jr, et al. Flecainide acetate for resistant arrhythmias in the young: efficacy and pharmacokinetics. J Am Coll Cardiol
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339. Fujino H, Fujiseki Y, Shimada M. Electrophysiologic effects of calcium blockers on supraventricular tachycardia in children. J Cardiol 1989; 19:
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347. Saul JP, Scott WA, Brown S, et al. Intravenous amiodarone for incessant tachyarrhythmias in children: a randomized, double-blind, antiarrhythmic
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348. Laer S, Elshoff JP, Meibohm B, et al. Development of a safe and effective pediatric dosing regimen for sotalol based on population pharmacokinetics
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antiarrhythmic drugs based on their action on arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Circulation 1991; 84: 1831-1851.
302. 循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン. 心房細動治療（薬物）ガイドライン. Jpn Circ J 2001; 65, Suppl. V: 931-978.
303. Kantoch MJ. Supraventricular tachycardia in children. Indian J Pediatr 2005; 72: 609-619.
304. Vignati G. Pediatric arrhythmias: which are the news? J Cardiovascular Med 2007; 8: 62-66.
305. Kashani IA, Shakibi JG, Siassi B. Electrophysiologic effects of disopyramide in children. Jpn Heart J 1980; 21: 491-496.
306. Fish FA, Gillette PC, Benson DW Jr, for the pediatric electrophysiology group. Proarrhythmia, cardiac arrest and death in young patients receiving
encainide and flecainide. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18: 356-365.
307. Perry JC, Garson A Jr. Flecanide acetate for treatment of tachyarrhythmias in children: Review of world literature on efficacy, safety, and dosing.
Am Heart J 1992; 134: 1614-1621.
308 Moak JP, Smith RT, Garson A. Mexiletine: an effective antiarrhythmic drug for treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in congenital heart disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1987; 10: 824-829.
309. 簡 瑞祥，星野健司，小川潔，他．小児期の頻拍性不整脈に対するメキシレチンの有効性について．埼玉県医学会誌 1987; 22: 763-768.
310. 小川昭正，奥村直哉，松島正氣，他．メキシレチン1 回経口投与による薬物動態の検討. 日小循誌 1988; 4: 250-254.
311. 住友直方，牛ノ濱大也，原 光彦，他．小児不整脈に対するflecainide の示適投与量の検討． 呼と循 1993; 41: 1079-1082.
312. 住友直方，岩田富士彦，原光彦，他．小児特発性心室頻拍に対するフレカイニドの有用性の検討．日小循誌 1995; 99: 654-658.
313. Fisher JD, Krikler D, Hallidie-Smith KA. Familial polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34: 2015-2022.
314. Sumitomo N, Harada K, Nagashima M, et al. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: Electrocardiographic characteristics and
optimal therapeutic strategies to prevent sudden death. Heart 2003; 89: 66-70.
315. Gaum WE, Biancaniello T, Kaplan S. Accelerated ventricular rhythm in childhood. Am J Cardiol 1979; 43: 162-164.
316. 新村一郎，原口寿夫，宮沢要一朗，他．小児頻拍性不整脈に対する Propranolol 経口療法. 小児科診療 1980; 43: 2455-2463.
317. Maagnes P, Tipple M, Fournier A. Effectiveness of oral sotalol for treatment of pediatric arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol 1992; 69: 751-754.
318. Guccione P, Paul T, Garson A Jr. Long term follow-up of amiodarone therapy in the young. J Am Coll Cadiol 1990; 15: 1118-1124.
319. Garson A Jr, Gillette PC, McVey P, et al. Amiodarone treatment of critical arrhythmias in children and young adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 1984; 4:
749-755.
320. Coumel P, Fidelle J. Amiodarone in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias in children. One hundred thirty-five cases. Am Heart J 1980; 100: 1063-1069.
321. 大江 透，相原直彦，栗田孝志，他．特発性心室細動の臨床的および電気生理学的特徴．心臓 1995; 27: 343-352.
322. Leenhardt A, Lucerty V, Denjoy I, et al. Cathecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in children. A 7-year follow-up of 21 patients.
Circulation 1995; 91: 1512-1519.
323. Priori SG, Napolitano C, Tiso N, et al. Mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (hRyR2) underlie catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular
tachycardia. Circulation 2001; 103: 196-200.
324. Laitinen PJ, Brown KM, Piippo K, et al. Mutations of the cardiac Ryanodine receptor (RyR2) gene in familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
Circulation 2001; 103: 485-490.
325. Lahat H, Pras E, Olender T, et al. A missense mutation in a highly conserved region of CASQ2 is associated with autosomal recessive
catecholamine-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in Bedouin families from Israel. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69: 1378-1384.
326. Lahat H, Eldar M, Levy-Nissenbaum, et al. Autosomal recessive catecholamine- or exercise-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: clinical
features and assignment of the disease gene to chromosome 1p13-21. Circulation 2001; 103: 2822-2827.
327. Laithen PJ, Swan H, Kontula K. Molecular genetics of exercise-induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: identification of three novel cardiac
ryanodine receptor mutations and two common calsequestrin 2 amino-acid polymorphisms. Eur J Hum Genet 2003; 11: 888-891.
328. Elder M, Pras E, Lahat H. A missense mutation in the CASQ2 gene is associated with autosomal recessive catecholamine-induced polymorphic
ventricular tachycardia. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2003; 13: 148-151.
329. PALS provider manual. Ralston M, Hazinski MF, Zaritsky AL, et al. eds, 2006 American Heart Association.
330. PALS course guide. Ralston M, Hazinski MF, Zaritsky AL, et al. eds, 2006 American Heart Association.
331. Sumitomo N, Sakurada H, Mugishima H, et al. Adenosine Triphosphate Terminates Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 2008; 5: 496-497.
332. Rosso R, Kalman JM, Rogowski O, et al. Calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers versus beta-blockers alone for preventing exercise-induced
arrhythmias in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 2007; 4: 1149-1154.
333. Watanabe H, Chopra N, Laver D, et al. Flecainide prevents catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in mice and humans. Nat Med
2009; 15: 380-383.
334. van der Werf C, Kannankeril PJ, Sacher F, et al. Flecainide reduced exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with CPVT not controlled
by conventional drug therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 2244-2254.
335. Palanca V, Quesada A, Trigo A, et al. Arrhythmic storm induced by AICD discharge in a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular
tachycardia. Rev Esp Cardiol 2006; 59: 1079-1083.
336. Wilde AA, Bhuiyan ZA, Crotti L, et al. Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. N Engl J
Med 2008; 358: 2024-2029.
337. Scott PA, Sandilands AJ, Morris GE, et al. Successful treatment of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with bilateral
thoracoscopic sympathectomy. Heart Rhythm 2008; 5: 1461-1463.
338. Perry JC, McQuinn RL, Smith RT Jr, et al. Flecainide acetate for resistant arrhythmias in the young: efficacy and pharmacokinetics. J Am Coll Cardiol
1989; 14: 185-191.
339. Fujino H, Fujiseki Y, Shimada M. Electrophysiologic effects of calcium blockers on supraventricular tachycardia in children. J Cardiol 1989; 19:
307-315.
340. 長島正實，相羽純，牛ノ濱大也，他．小児不整脈治療のガイドライン－薬物治療を中心に－．日小循誌 2000; 16: 967-972.
341. Pass RH, Libeman L, Al-Fayaddh M, et al. Continuous Intravenous Diltiazem Infusion for Short term Ventricular Rate Control in children. Am J Cardiol
2000; 86: 559-561.
342. Wills BK, Liu JM, Wahl M. Third-degree AV Block from Extended-release Diltiazem ingestion in a Nine-month old. J Emerg Med 2008; 38: 328-331.
343. Boyer EW, Duic PA, Evans A. Hyperinsulinemia/euglycemia therapy for calcium channel blocker poisoning. Pediatr Emerg Care 2002; 18: 36-37.
344. Michael JB, Sztajnkrycer MD. Deadly pediatric poisons: nine common agents that kill at low doses. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2004; 22: 1019-1050.
345. Abbruzzi G, Stork CM. Pediatric toxicologic concerns. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2002; 20: 223-247.
346. Yoshiga Y, Shimizu A, Yamagata T, et al. Beta-Blocker Decreases the Increase in QT Dispersion and Transmural Dispersion of Repolarization
Induced by Bepridil. Circ J 2002; 66: 1024-1028.
347. Saul JP, Scott WA, Brown S, et al. Intravenous amiodarone for incessant tachyarrhythmias in children: a randomized, double-blind, antiarrhythmic
drug trial. Circulation 2005; 112: 3470-3477.
348. Laer S, Elshoff JP, Meibohm B, et al. Development of a safe and effective pediatric dosing regimen for sotalol based on population pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics in children with supraventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1322-1330.
349. Pfammater JP, Paul T, Lehmann C, at al. Efficacy and proarrhythmias of oral sotarol in pediatric patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 1002-1007.
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小児期心疾患における薬物療法ガイドライン
Guidelines for Drug Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases （ JCS2012）
Guidelines for Drug Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases （ JCS2012）